Friday, December 27, 2019

A Fight Against Discrimination - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1219 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/03/29 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Discrimination Essay Did you like this example? Based on my current research I have come to learn that the Sexual Discrimination Act of 1984 was modified on August 1 in the year of 2013 to prevent discrimination against any persons gender, sexual orientation and identity. Even though this act was put in place for people all over who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex; they still experience discrimination, hostility, and harassment in their everyday life. In response to Donald Trumps new Title IX proposal, he is completely out of line when he says that gender and sexual orientation should be determined at birth based on ones genitalia and that their classification is unchangeable, and any confusion will be confirmed using genetic test. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Fight Against Discrimination" essay for you Create order The purpose of this letter is to argue that Trumps new Title IX proposal is completely detrimental because ones gender, sexuality, and identity shouldnt be strictly regulated and construed based on societal norms. The knowledge that is taught in todays society has been constructed by the thoughts and opinions of those who have power and consider themselves knowledgeable. This branches from social constructivism and is parallel to the banking method of education. The teachers act as the people with power in the world and the students represent the society. Trump holds the power right now and as he constantly pours his thoughts about sexual identity into the society, people who lack intelligence learn from him and begin to follow his ignorant beliefs. This is exactly where we go wrong and where our knowledge gets construed. Education as a result, becomes an act of depositing information through the teacher (Trump) who is the depositor, to students (society) who are the depositories. (Freire) The information that trump is giving about gender being unchangeable is influencing his audience to think the same way. Because of this, society will now spread the negative proposition against people being able to change their appearance, genitalia and lifestyle to be more comfortable in the skin that they are in. Beverly Guy-Sheftall breaks down the difference between sex and gender and how those differences cause altercations between one another. It explains how gender acts as a function of a historical process. As we are growing in the womb society places a label on us when determining whether we will be a boy and a girl. This is seen mostly at Gender reveal parties when the color pink is shown when its a girl and the color blue is shown when its a boy. This is when young age binary comes into place because when we are born and raised, we are taught to be and act a certain way based on our gender. She also explains that gender as an analytic category is essential in achieving equality between men and women. This will prepare the next generation and make sure that they will have the knowledge to rise above all types of discrimination. But in contrast, Trumps theory totally debunks this conclusion and as Sheftall states; sexual authorities are a biological given, but gender as a function of h istorical process. So yes, you are either born male or female but your choice to alter your sex to fit the gender that you connect to the most. Identity defines your character, personality and place in society. Personal and social experiences that occur over a duration of time in someones life are situations that shape their identity. Someones perception in regard to another persons identity is profoundly related to stereotypical ideals. I strongly feel that Trumps prejudice acts against the LGBTQIA community is completely outrageous and unfair. He hasnt experienced what people go through when they feel like they are trapped in the wrong body and have to wake up every day and live a false life because they fear what society will think about them. A woman named Janet Mock lives a very comfortable life along with a very successful career, but her secret that she chose to share with the world was that she was actually born a boy. At 18 years old she traveled all the way to Thailand to undergo a gender reassignment surgery because she couldnt live another day with a penis in between her legs. Flashing back to when she was about 5 years old a girl next door dared Mock to run around in a nearby parking lot with a muumuu on. He accepted the dare and put the muumuu on and ran as fast as he could around the nearby parking lot. He was caught by his grandmother who scolded him for doing such a thing and then banished him on the patio. On the patio he played quietly with his sumo action figures that he loved because they had long hair and they were the only dolls he was able to play with. (Marie Claire) From that day forward, he knew that he was different and the actions that took place in the years that followed showed it as well. I tell this story to explain how a person can feel uncomfortable with being labeled under a gender that they dont feel represents who they are or who they want to be. Trumps new Title IX proposal can interfere with people being able to freely make changes to their appearance and identity which also prevents other young kids like Janet Mock from being able to express themselves or change their identity without being judged by what society has to say. Why is it that those who choose to be non-binary are considered to be failures? Is it because they dont meet the expectation of heteronormativity? The concept of gender binary only is only used to uphold the construct of heteronormativity. For example, the idea that all men love sports and that women dont is an expectation that is based on this heteronormative construct. These expectations are a result of out hetero-dominated society which dictates the way our life is structured. Transgenders, Queers, and People of Color are identities that dont fit inside the demands of heteronormativity. Heteronormativity is a system that works to normalize behaviors and societal expectations that are tied to the presumption of heterosexuality and an adherence to a strict gender binary. (Everyday Feminism) This proposal is a system that will fall under this category. Why try to put restrictions on the things that make us human and free beings? Using structures like, gender binary, patriarchal gender roles, and monogamy to make the world less free and more conformative is doing nothing but taking away the rights designated to us as US citizens. It is important for us to support the rights of LGBTQIA people because just like us they are human; their thoughts and opinions do matter. We have to stop discrimination against others who dont follow the societal norms that have been historically taught to us and passed on from generation to generation. I charge you and others like you to open up to the life beyond your knowledge and except what you learn and see. Dont just sit back and except the ignorant thoughts and opinions of authority but take a look at the lives of others. This can include making an inclusive environment in everyday places for every in society to be free from discrimination. Say no to Trumps Title IX proposal and make a change to fight against those who discriminate.

Thursday, December 19, 2019

The Most Serious Problems Facing Humankind - 1280 Words

The Most Serious Problems Facing Humankind The world today suffers numerous woes, many of which have been present throughout human history. Human trafficking traps its victims in modern-day slavery. Countries declare war for political or ideological reasons, unleashing chaos and death upon the innocent. Starvation and disease run rampant while governments turn a blind eye. Terrorists commit hijackings and suicide bombings upon everyday civilians. Many more unmentioned obstacles exist throughout the world. Even more ominously is the fact that all of these problems are not confined to one culture or continent. It is clear that all of humanity shares similar problems with each other, despite the fact that our modern world should be more†¦show more content†¦The theory of depravity is a more accurate understanding of our fallen world. The Theory of Depravity as the Root Cause of Humanity’s Problems The theory of depravity explains that the world’s problems are caused by the natural evil in every person, regardless of a lack of resources. Not only has every person sinned in their lives, but every person also has an inborn desire to sin. Even the most righteous people have evil desires. This plague was brought to the world after Adam and Eve sinned against God, which caused the biblical Fall of man. Their selfish desire to become their own gods was their own free choice, regardless of the fact that God’s garden satisfied their every need. As a result of man’s disobedience to God, he and his descendants constantly succumb to temptations and quarrel amongst each other for their own personal gain. Thus, the only way to defeat evil is for people to freely choose God instead of their own carnal pleasures. There is no man-made society that can cure evil through political restrictions, since the external world is not the cause of man’s internal rebelliousness . According to Colson, the fall ruined the holiness of nature, brought death upon the world, and required Jesus Christ to die for every person’s sins. Those who humbly ask Christ for forgiveness will be saved, and can help restore the world to Christ one step at a time. In contrast, Colson explains that thoseShow MoreRelatedEuthanasia: The Second Death of Animals1000 Words   |  4 Pagesanimals facing euthanasia had better be sacrificed for education, and the number of pets abandoned could effectively be reduced through this routine. As shown in this case, many people insist that euthanasia is the only realistic way able to curtail the number of lost animals. 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Wednesday, December 11, 2019

African before European arrival DBQ free essay sample

It was not until the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries when Europeans colonized Africa. By that time, the Africans already had progressive civilizations. This included having wealth and power through trade, a well-organized society, and a vigorous military force/government. Along all the land routes and sea routes, such as the trans-Saharan trade route, many products were traded. For example, products such as gold, salt, ivory, animal skins, etc. Aksum’s location by the Red Sea provided it with a large coastline and ports which gave access to the Indian Ocean as well as the Mediterranean Sea. Since Aksum was surrounded by water, it was easier to get products place by place using caravans. The only way for the Arabs and the Wangara to trade was to pass through the ancient empire of Ghana. The Arab traders wanted gold while the Wangara traders wanted salt. Ghana’s military force helped keep peace and safety throughout the trade routes as well as the empire. We will write a custom essay sample on African before European arrival DBQ or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One important factor throughout Africa was the gold supply. Also, since the civilizations were so wealthy, the people lived happier and more organized. The wealth was evident in clothing, shields, and animal accessories such as a horse trappings and a dog’s collar. An Arab scholar, Al-Bakri, describes the king’s court in ancient Ghana covered in gold. An Egyptian official visited Mansa Musa and was impressed with the amount of gold present. A Moroccan traveler went to the city of Timbuktu and was fascinated due to the many opportunities of work there was such as doctors, judges, priests, etc. which were supported and funded by the king. The military force’s job was to maintain peace and protection all over the cities and empires. When Ibn Battuta traveled to Mali, he was very impressed with the justice and security the people had. In Mali, they hated the thought of lack of fairness or justice. They believe everybody has their own rights but to show no mercy to anyone who is guilty. Also, they were extremely stern when it came to punishments due to not obeying the law. Ancient African Civilizations were successful mainly because of the outcome of trade, wealth and power. Because of these two things, the empires did not decline quickly and accomplished many things.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

The Civil War Essays (330 words) - American Civil War, Union

The Civil War On paper the North was far stronger than the South. It had two and a half times as many people, and it possessed far more ships, miles of railroad, and manufacturing enterprises. Southerners, however, had the advantage of fighting on home ground with better military leadership. But Union superiority in manpower was not so great as the gross figures suggest. Half a million people scattered from Dakota to California, could make no substantial contribution to Union strength. And every year Union regiments were sent to the West to fight Indians. Hundreds of thousands of Americans in loyal border states and in southern Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois worked or fought for southern independence. Though, every state furnished men for the other side, there was little doubt that more Federals than Confederates "crossed over." The South had superior officer personnel. For twenty years before Lincoln's inauguration, southern officers had dominated the U.S. Army. Another source of southern confidence was cotton. Secession leaders expected to exchange that staple for the foreign manufactured goods they needed. The South's most important advantage was that it had only to defend relatively short interior lines against invaders who had to deal with long lines of communication and to attack a broad front. The Confederacy also had no need to divert fighting men to tasks such as garrisoning captured cities and holding conquered territory. In a short war, numerical superiority would not have made much of a difference. As the war continued, however, numerical strength became a psychological as well as a physical weapon. During the closing years of the conflict, Union armies, massed at last against critical strongholds, suffered terrible casualties but seemed to grow stronger with every defeat. Any staggering Confederate losses sapped the southern will to fight. Every material advantage of the North was magnified by the fact that the Civil War lasted years instead of months. Money and credit, food production, transport, factories, clothing (boots)--it took time to redirect the economy to the requirements of war, especially because these requirements, like the length of the war, were underestimated.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Effect of Ethnicity in Nigeria Essay Example

Effect of Ethnicity in Nigeria Essay EFFECT OF ETHNICITY ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA CHAPTER 1 1. 0 INTRODUCTION Nigeria  is  by  far  the most populated of Africa’s countries, with more than one-seventh of the continent’s people. The people belong to many different ethnic groups. These groups give the country a rich culture, but they also pose major challenges to nation building. Ethnic strife has plagued Nigeria since it gained independence in 1960. Officially known as the ‘Federal Republic of Nigeria’, she has  a  federal form of government and is divided into 36 states and a federal capital territory. Lagos, (formerly the capital of Nigeria) is the economic and cultural center located along the coast, and inhabited majorly by the Yoruba-speaking tribe. It is also the country’s largest city (in terms of population). The government moved from Lagos to Abuja in 1991 in the hope of creating a national capital where none of the country’s ethnic groups would be dominant. The  land size area  of Nigeria is approximately 923,768 sq km (356,669 sq mi). It was home to ethnically based kingdoms and tribal communities before it became a European colony. In spite of European contact that began in the 16th century, these kingdoms and communities maintained their autonomy until the 19th century. The colonial era began in earnest in the late 19th century, when Britain consolidated its rule over Nigeria. In 1914 the British merged their northern and southern protectorates into a single state called the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria. Nigeria became independent of British rule in 1960. We will write a custom essay sample on Effect of Ethnicity in Nigeria specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Effect of Ethnicity in Nigeria specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Effect of Ethnicity in Nigeria specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer After independence Nigeria experienced frequent coups and long periods of autocratic military rule between 1966 and 1999, when a democratic civilian government was established Nigeria is very rich in raw materials like crude oil, tin, iron etc but is almost solely dependent on crude oil which is a major source of income for the country. While oil wealth has financed major investments in the country’s infrastructure, Nigeria remains among the world’s poorest countries in terms of per capita income. Oil revenues led the government to ignore agriculture, resulting in dependence on food importation. Fig 1. 1 MAP OF NIGERIA SHOWING THE 36 STATES 1. 1 The people of Nigeria Nigerias diversity, both in tongue and tribe makes it a very difficult region to subject to precise classification. This has led to the tendency among many scholars to focus on the three major ethnic or geographic zones in the country viz the Hausa-Fulani (Northern Nigeria), the Yoruba (Western Nigeria) and the Igbo (Eastern Nigeria). These geographic zones are not in any way solely occupied by the three ethnic groups. A plethora of smaller socio-ethnic groups may be located in these zones. The  highest  population densities are in the Igbo heartland in south-eastern Nigeria, despite poor soils and heavy emigration. The intensively farmed zones around and including several major cities of the Hausa ethnic group especially Kano, Sokoto, and Zaria in the north are also densely populated. Other areas of high density include Yorubaland in the southwest, the central Jos Plateau, and the Tiv homeland in Benue State in the south central region. Densities are relatively low in the dry northeast and in most parts of the middle belt. Ecological factors, including the prevalence of diseases such as sleeping sickness, carried by the tsetse fly, and historical factors, especially the legacy of pre-colonial slave raiding, help explain these low densities (Encarta, 2009). Table 1. 1: Statistics of Nigeria Population| 138,283,240 (2008 estimate)| Population density| 152 persons per sq km 393 persons per sq mi (2008 estimate)| Urban population distribution| 48 percent (2005 estimate)| Rural population distribution| 52 percent (2005 estimate)| Largest cities, with population| Lagos, 11,100,000 (2005 estimate) Ibadan, 3,570,000 (2007 estimate) Ogbomosho, 861,300 (2007 estimate)| Official language| English| Chief religious affiliations| Muslim, 50 percent Christian, 40 percent Indigenous beliefs, 10 percent| Life expectancy| 47. 8 years (2008 estimate)| Infant mortality rate| 94 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate)| Literacy rate| 70. 7 percent (2005 estimate)| Source: Encarta Encyclopaedia (2009) 1. 2 Social issues Wealth  and  power  are  distributed very unevenly in Nigerian society. This is due to several factors including corruption, political instability, and unemployment, amid others. The great majority of Nigerians, preoccupied with daily struggles to earn a living, have few material possessions and little chance of improving their lot. Meanwhile, chiefs, rich merchants, politicians, and high-ranking civil servants often accumulate and flaunt massive wealth, which to a degree is expected and accepted in the Nigerian society. Most of these elite maintain power through networks of patronage: They secure and distribute labour and receive political support in return. The system allows for some redistribution of income because patrons often pay for things such as school fees and marriage costs for relatives, community development, and charity work. Economic  inequality  has a severe effect on health, especially for children. One-fifth of Nigerian children die before the age of five, primarily from treatable diseases such as malaria, measles, whooping cough, diarrhea, and pneumonia. Less than one-half of infants are immunized against measles, and malnutrition affects more than 40 percent of children under the age of five. Adults are equally affected, although with less deadly consequences. Only 20 percent of rural Nigerians and 52 percent of urban Nigerians have access to safe water. One-third have no access to health care simply because they live too far from clinics or other treatment centres. Many others cannot afford the fees charged by clinics. While  average  incomes are higher and death rates lower in cities, urban poverty is as pervasive as rural poverty. Secure, well-paying jobs are scarce, even for those with considerable education. Food is typically expensive. Housing, too, is costly despite its rudimentary quality, prompting the poor to build basic houses in shantytowns. Sewage disposal systems in most cities are also basic or primitive, with polluted streams, wells, roadside drains, and other bodies of water increasing the risk of infectious disease. Industry, automobiles, and the burning of fuel-wood further pollute air and water. Crime  in  Nigeria  rose in the mid-1990s as a result of unemployment, economic decline, and social inequality, which are abetted by inefficient and corrupt police and customs forces. More than half of all offenses are thefts, burglaries, and break-ins, although armed robberies are also prominent. Nigeria is a major conduit for drugs moving from Asia and Latin America to markets in Europe and North America. Large-scale Nigerian fraud rings have targeted business people in other parts of the world. Nigeria  has  been  wracked by periodic violent clashes between ethnic and religious groups since the 1990s. The reasons behind these clashes have varied from local political disputes to conflicts between fundamentalist Muslims and Christians or moderate Muslims. In many cases, local civic or religious leaders have manipulated these conflicts for political gain. 1. 3 Ethnicity: The Ethnic Composition of Nigeria Ethnicity is a term not easily defined and for proper understanding of the concept related terms requires description; an ethnic group is regarded as an informal interest group whose members are distinct from the members of other ethnic groups within the larger society because they share kinship, religious and linguistics ties (Cohen, 1974). Ethnicism is another related concept used to denote ‘ethnic loyalty’ (Pepple, 1985). The concept of loyalty here indicates willingness to support and act on behalf of the ethnic group. Subsequently, ethnic loyalty or ethnicism usually involves a degree of obligation and is often accompanied by a rejective attitude towards those regarded as outsiders i. e. members of other ethnic group (Salawu and Hassan, 2011). Thus the term Ethnicity can be defined as the interactions among members of many diverse groups (Nnoli, 1978). It is a commonplace fact that Nigeria is a society with different ethnic groups, religions, languages, cultures and institutional arrangements. As a heterogeneous society of several ethnic groups, Nigerians are thus characterized by groups, desires, beliefs, values, customs, fears etc. These diversities in national life manifest in several ways including; music, language, culture, dance, beliefs, religion etc. The fact that over three hundred identified language groups exist in Nigeria has created some confusion as one may equate each language group with an ethnic group (Adejuyibem 1983) and thereby arrive at over three hundred ethnic groups. As Iwaloye and Ibeanu (1997) and Anugwom (1997) have argued, however, languages and ethnic groups do not necessarily coincide. One language may be spoken by more than one ethnic group and one ethnic group may have linguistic variations of the same root language. Moreover, while language may be one of the important factors for defining an ethnic group, some ethnic groups in Nigeria may have lost their original linguistic roots, while retaining their identity, as a result of intense interaction with larger socio-ethnic groups. In the same vein, many ethnic groups may use the same language to case communication, as is the case of the smaller ethnic groups in the North of Nigeria, where Hausa has become more or less a lingua franca. Therefore, it has been proven that there is no direct relationship between language and ethnic group in Nigeria. Thus, the 56 ethnic groups identified by Iwaloye and Ibeanu (1997) as the existing ethnic groups in contemporary Nigeria are adopted. It is important to note that the ethnic groups in Nigeria may exceed this number by far, though these 56 groups are both visible and easily identifiable. The 56 ethnic groups are presented in the table below. Table 1. 2: Ethnic group in Nigeria 1. Hausa-FuIani| 29. Buri| 2. Igbo | 30. Balta| 3. Yoruba | 31. Kanuri| 4. Edo| 32. Margi| 5. Bassawa| 33. Delta Minorities| 6. Igala| 34. Gwadara| 7. Idoma| 35. Chamba-Daka| 8. Ora| 36. Mambila| 9. Ijo| 37. Katang | 10. Isoko| 38. Berom| 11. Urhobo| 39. Kadara| 12. Itshekiri| 40. Kurama| 13. Baatonum| 41. Mada| 14. Karnbari| 42. Alago| 15. Dulawa| 43. Migili| 16. Kamaku| 44. Eggon| 17. Ebira| 45. Bokyi| 18. Nupe| 46. Ekon| 19. Gwari| 47. Agoi| 20. Tiv| 48. Efik| 21. Jukun| 49. Ibibio| 2. Chomo-karim| 50. Annang| 23. Jarwa| 51. Mumuye| 24. Angas| 52. Waja| 25. Yekhee| 53. Busa| 26. Karekare| 54. Dendi| 27. Eloyi| 55. Buduma| 28. Gade| 56. Shuwa| Source: Iwaloye and Ibeanu (1997) Nigeria is known for its cultural diversities but while these diversities have been positively harnessed for greatness by other nations of the world the opposite is regrettably the case in Nigeria despite the efforts of heroes past in ensuring that these diversities are harnessed for development; rather they have served as the bane of social, economic and political development. Consequently, Nigeria as a nation has been besieged by an array of social, economic and political problems; these include corruption, tribalism, lack of patriotism, political gangsterism e. t. c (Nduka, 2004 and Omo-Ojugo et al. , 2009). 1. 4 Ethnicity and Marginalisation Before the advent of colonialism, the area now referred to as Nigeria was a large landmass occupied by un-unified people of diverse ethnic groups but for administrative convenience they were fused and merged together by the olonialists. For the duration of colonial rule, the ‘marriage’ of the diverse ethnic groups was maintained and the diversities were united without any problem. With the exit of the colonialists, things started falling apart resulting in marginalisation and ethnic conflict thus adversely effecting the development of the budding nation. Ethnic conflict has been rightly defined as one of the greatest obstacles to meaningful development in Africa. The ethnic factor did not diminish with the advent of independence; rather, it became a yardstick for measuring contribution to the national development effort and especially for allocating and distributing power and national resources and eventually resulted in the 30- month slaughter in the Nigerian civil war (1967 to 1970) which was anchored on ethnic rivalry. The history of present day Nigeria is rife with cases of ethno-religious conflicts. Since the annulment of the 1993 elections, there have been increased demands and counter-demands for marginalisa1ion by various ethnic groups in the country. Marginalisation stems from a peoples perception of their treatment in the allocation or distribution of power and resources. A classic example is made for the Ogoni, who despite having provided the nation with an estimated $30,000 million in oil revenues, their people had no pipe borne water or electricity, and lacked education, health and other social facilities: it is intolerable that one of the richest areas of Nigeria should wallow in abject poverty and destitution (Saro-Wiwa, 1992). In this light, the Ogoni ethnic group has concrete reasons to consider itself marginalised, especially since these facilities can be found in other ethno-regional areas of Nigeria. 1. 5 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The general objective of the study is to 1. Investigate the role ethnicity plays in the socio-economic development of Nigeria. 2. Assess the impact of ethnicity on present day Nigeria 3. Examine the effect on day-to-day activities of Nigerians 1. 6 RESEARCH QUESTIONS i. Impact of ethnicity on social and economic development in Nigeria? ii. Role of colonialism in ethnic groups formation . 7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The scope of the project envelops the influence of ethnicity in Nigeria’s social and economic development and its impact on present day Nigeria. 1. 8 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The importance of this study is made manifest in the form of understanding the role ethnic diversity plays in the development of a country, in this case Nigeria. 1. 9 CONCEPTUAL CLARIFICATION ET HNICITY: Ethnicity in this study is referred to as an affiliation resulting from racial or cultural ties or the interactions among members of many diverse groups ETHNIC GROUP: For the purpose of this study, an ethnic group is regarded as an informal interest group whose members are distinct from the members of other ethnic groups within the larger society because they share kinship, religious and linguistics ties SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: in this project, socio economic development is defined as a comprehensive process involved in improving social and economic conditions on individual and group empowerment, community, national and regional building.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

The Experts Guide to the AP Human Geography Exam

The Expert's Guide to the AP Human Geography Exam SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips AP Human Geography is an investigation of how the human species has populated the earth and developed different cultures, political systems, and means of production. This is a subject that can be a little hard to pin down because it represents an intersection of lots of different types of information. How does the College Board test such a wide range of topics? Continue reading to gain a better understanding of the lay of the land (so to speak) on the AP Human Geography exam! How Is the AP Human Geography Exam Structured? There are two sections of the AP Human Geography test: multiple choice and free response. The multiple-choice section is: 75 questions One hour long Scored based on the number of questions you answer correctly (no points deducted for incorrect answers) On this section, you’ll be expected to: Consider maps and spatial data Show a strong understanding of how the world looks from a spatial perspective Interpret patterns and processes at different scales Understand different regions Characterize and analyze changing interactions among different places The free-response section is: Three questions One hour 15 minutes long On this section, you’ll be expected to: Interrelate different topic areas and to analyze and evaluate geographical concepts. Answer questions based on stimulus material such as verbal descriptions, maps, graphs, photographs, and diagrams Demonstrate both analytical and organizational skills in your writing The AP Human Geography test is two hours and 15 minutes long in total, and this year it’s offered on Tuesday, May 5th at 12 PM. It will be a spoooooky scaaaary AP test. AP Human Geography Topics AP Human Geography covers the following seven topic areas, which you’re expected to be able to link together conceptually on the test.These topics are connected to subtopics that the College Board labels â€Å"Enduring Understandings† (listed below each main heading) that you’re expected to master by the time you take the exam. Topic #1: Geography: Its Nature and Perspectives Geography looks at the world from a spatial perspective. Geography offers a set of concepts, skills, and tools that facilitate critical thinking and problem solving. Geographical skills provide a foundation for analyzing world patterns and practices. Geospatial technologies increase the capability for gathering and analyzing geographic information with applications to everyday life. Field experiences are important ways of gathering geographic information. Topic #2: Population Knowledge of the geographic patterns and characteristics of human populations facilitates understanding of cultural, political, economic, and urban systems. Populations grow and decline over time and space. Causes and consequences of migration are influenced by cultural, demographic, economic, environmental, and political factors. Topic #3: Cultural Patterns and Processes Concepts of culture frame the shared behaviors of a society. Culture varies by region. Topic #4: Political Organization of Space The contemporary political map has been shaped by events of the past. Spatial political patterns reflect ideas of territoriality and power at a variety of scales. The forces of globalization challenge contemporary political-territorial arrangements. Topic #5: Agricultural and Rural Land Use The development of agriculture led to widespread alteration of the natural environment. Major agricultural regions reflect physical geography and economic forces. Settlement patterns and rural land use are reflected in the cultural landscape. Changes in food production and consumption present challenges and opportunities. Topic #6: Industrialization and Economic Development The diffusion of the Industrial Revolution facilitated improvements in standards of living. Measures of development are used to understand patterns of social and economic differences at a variety of scales. Development is a process that varies across space and time. Sustainable development is a strategy to address resource depletion and environmental degradation. Topic #7: Cities and Urban Land Use The form, function, and size of urban settlements are constantly changing. Models help us to understand the distribution and size of cities. Models of internal city structure and urban development provide a framework for urban analysis. Built landscapes and social space reflect the attitudes and values of a population. Urban areas face economic, social, political, cultural, and environmental challenges. Overall, the course revolves around a thematic understanding of the human cultural landscape and patterns of global development.It deals with how human interactions and demographics are shaped by location and environment. Learning objectives you’re expected to master before the exam include: Read sophisticated texts and academic writings. Write well-constructed essays and research papers. Think critically by synthesizing a variety of perspectives and information from different sources. Discuss controversial issues effectively. Analyze geospatial data. Present fieldwork and research in visual and oral formats. Work with other students to analyze real-world issues. For more details on the curriculum, take a look at the full course description. World Regions for AP Human Geography Here are maps of world regions that you’ll be examining across all the topic areas in the course. These maps are important because you need to know exactly where different cultural, political, and demographic developments have occurred. Understanding the relative locations of different regions can help you to grasp their places in the grand scheme of the human geographic landscape. The first map is a broad survey of all the world regions, while the second gets into more specific labels: AP Human Geography Sample Exam Questions This section will give an example of a real AP question from each section of the test. I'll go over explanations of the correct answers and the ways in which points were awarded. Multiple Choice For this question, we have to figure out which of the choices is impacted by an intersection of all three factors.Which aspects of human society are strongly connected to environmental laws, labor availability, and access to markets? It appears that this must be something related to the production of goods because both labor availability and access to markets are important for that, and environmental laws have an impact as well. Choice A can be eliminated because these factors together don’t point to an impact on political affiliation. Political affiliation isn’t directly related to industrial opportunities. Choice B is more ambiguous. It’s directly related to the economy which is what the three factors would potentially impact.However, all the factors are happening on the ground level, not in direct relation to a country’s GDP. This answer doesn’t quite fit. Choice C is definitely incorrect. It seems like an irrelevant answer because property tax rates aren’t necessarily directly affected by any of these factors. Choice D looks promising.Companies choose manufacturing locations based on lack of environmental restrictions on production, labor availability, and ability to easily transport products to markets. Choice E isn’t right because transportation costs are not necessarily impacted by these factors, especially not as directly as manufacturing locations. The correct answer is D! This question could be answered through logical thinking and a basic understanding of the reasons for economic developments.You might know that many US businesses have moved manufacturing plants overseas in recent years because of the cheapness/availability of labor, lack of strict environmental laws, and increased ability to transport goods cheaply across long distances to their largest markets.Other multiple-choice questions on this exam may ask you to identify an example of a concept or read data expressed by maps or geographic models.They also ask about particular locations, so you should know the characteristics of global regions regarding population density, economic climate, and cultural landscape. Free Response This question is from the 2015 exam and was worth eight points total. For part A, you just need to define a term.This is the suggested definition provided by the scoring guidelines: A person who flees, is displaced, or is forced to leave his or her home country. If you said something along those lines, you would get the first point. For part B, you could earn up to three points, one for each description of a valid reason for refugees to leave their countries of origin. Example of a political reason: They were forcibly evicted by the government or the military in their home country. Example of a social reason: Their rights or opportunities were denied based on gender or sexuality. Example of an environmental reason: Their home country was experiencing food insecurity or famine. For part C, you could earn two points, one for the identification of a reason why refugees left one of the countries in the chart, and one for an explanation of that reason.If you chose Somalia, for example, you could say a reason for refugees leaving the country was widespread religious, ethnic, and gender persecution.The explanation behind this would be that Militant Wahhabis persecuted other Sunnis, Animists, and Christians; there were major conflicts based on tribal differences; and rights and opportunities were denied to many people based on their genders or sexualities. For the final two points on part D, you're asked to provide explanations of the economic impact of refugees on a receiving country.These could be positive or negative. Examples include: Additions to the low-wage labor pool Increased demand for goods and services that could result in price increases Refugees may provide added skills and knowledge to the receiving country For more information on the scoring of this question, see this document. Haven't these poor people been through enough? How Is the AP Human Geography Exam Scored? You'll get one point for each multiple choice question you answer correctly. There are no point deductionsfor incorrect answers, so fill in every bubble! Onfree-response questions, points are allotted for answering each part of the question thoroughly.The number of points possible for each question varies slightly from year to year.Maximum scores on free-response questions range from 6 to 10 points.Each free-response question will have an equal bearing on your score regardless of how many points it is worth. Multiple choice and free response are each worth 50 percent of your score.Your free-response score is scaled in accordance with this and added to your multiple-choice score to arrive at a scaled score that is then converted to a score on the 1-5 AP scale.Here’s a link to the score distributions for 2015. Study Tips for the AP Human Geography Test As you get started preparing for this exam, here are a few pointers to keep in mind! Tip #1: Make Flashcards Much of the AP Human Geography exam deals with key terms covered by the course.Two out of the three free-response questions in 2015 asked students to define a term to earn the first point in part A, and the subsequent parts of those questions were dependent on a strong understanding of that term and its implications. Multiple-choice also includes many questions that ask you to identify an example of a certain concept defined by a phrase unique to the field of human geography.Your score is dependent on your knowledge of this field-specific terminology, so you should make a set of flashcards of the terms you learned over the course of the year.Go over them until you feel confident that you understand all the definitions well enough to think of real world examples.If it helps, you can include a couple of examples on the back of each flashcard along with the definition! Tip #2: Know Geographic Models (and Practice Reading Them) There are several geographic models that are important to understand if you hope to successfully interpret data in human geography.Make sure you're familiar with all of them and can read them easily. Sometimes, the test will present you with questions about identifying different types of models or ask you to comment on data sets. Tip #3: Take Official Practice Exams There’s no better form of practice than official AP test questions which is why you shouldtake a practice exam to start off your studying. This will allow you to predict your scores on the real test and make an informed decision about how much more you need to study to reach your goals.You might find you have trouble on certain types of questions that you didn’t expect to be a problem. A careful analysis of yourmistakes on practice tests will help to ensure that you only revisit content that has the potential to trip you up on the exam (rather than trying to reread your entire textbook). Tip #4: Review Regions (and Connect Them to Key Terms) A problem that some students have on this AP exam is citing incorrect geographic regions in their responses.It’s important to know the names of the different regions of the world and the economic, political, and cultural climates that have evolved over time.Be able to identify the regions on the maps included earlier in this article, and think about their individual statuses in connection to each of the main topics of the course. Keep a map of the world's regions in your metaphorical back pocket. Emphasis on metaphorical. Conclusion The AP Human Geography exam is structured in a similar way to other AP tests. It's on the shorter side, coming in at just two hours and 15 minutes, but it has both multiple-choice and free-response sections, and its questions require a wide range of skills and content knowledge. The seven major topic areas you'll encounter on the test are: Geography: Its Nature and Perspectives Population Cultural Patterns and Processes Political Organization of Space Agricultural and Rural Land Use Industrialization and Economic Development Cities and Urban Land Use Some study tips to remember for this examinclude: Make Flashcards Know the Geographic Models Take Official Practice Exams Review Regions Make sure you block out enough study time before the exam to take practice tests, review all of your mistakes thoroughly, and revisit key concepts! What's Next? Should you include AP Human Geography in your schedule? What about other AP classes? Read this expert guide to find out which AP classes you should take in high school. Everyone wants to get 5s on their AP exams, but how important is that perfect score in the long run? Learn more about what it means to earn a 5 on an AP exam and whether this is a smart goal for you. If you're applying to super competitive colleges, you might plan on taking SAT Subject Tests. Check out this article for information on the differences between Subject Tests and AP tests. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Experiences with People of Other Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Experiences with People of Other Cultures - Essay Example I have traveled to different parts of the globe because I want to experience as many cultures as I possibly can. I believe that we can all learn from other cultures because everyone has different values and beliefs. Learning about someone else’s culture not only develops my understanding for their culture, but it also helps to develop my own. This is because I can use another culture and compare it to my own, thus critically examining all the strengths and weaknesses of it. My experiences with other cultures will help me to work with a diverse student population because I already feel comfortable working with students from different cultural backgrounds. I believe that every student should be treated fairly and not discriminated against because of their culture or race, which is something that they have no control over whatsoever. Promoting equality among students also helps to improve the overall learning environment in the classroom because it gives students of minority ethnic groups the chance to thrive. I understand that some people feel uncomfortable learning alongside students of other cultures, but it will be my responsibility to promote fairness and understanding among all students. This way, they will learn to respect each other no matter where they come from. One useful idea is to allow one student of each culture in the class to have a turn each week standing in front of the class and teaching the rest of the students about their own culture. This will break down cultural barriers.